78 pages 2 hours read

Barbara Kingsolver

Demon Copperhead

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2022

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Chapters 33-42Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 33 Summary

Despite how many friends he has at school and how well his life is going now, Demon can’t help but look “behind whoever is being nice to him that day to see what’s coming. Still your jack-shit homeless orphan, just faking it in nice clothes” (255). Demon has an odd encounter with U-Haul, who takes him into Coach Winfield’s home office and warns him not to think of himself as family. U-Haul resents that he’s been working for Winfield for 11 years like a babysitter.

Mr. Armstrong arranges for his wife, a high school art teacher named Mrs. Annie, to work on Demon’s drawings with him.

The Winfield house prepares for Betsy’s visit. If Demon can prove he’s been doing well, Betsy will sign over guardianship to Coach Winfield. Demon attends football camp and learns how to be a tight end under the tutelage of the JV coach, Mr. Briggs.

Chapter 34 Summary

Demon notices that Coach Winfield drinks a lot during the off-season. Angus explains that it’s due to the pain of losing his wife.

At school, Mr. Armstrong challenges Demon and his peers to think critically about their language and history. Mr. Armstrong is a popular teacher who opens up deep discussions about race, history, and politics in his English class. He teaches students about the Great Migration, the history of the Confederate flag, and Appalachia’s coal mining past. He encourages Demon to explore his “Melungeon” heritage. “Melungeon” refers to someone of diverse racial ancestry: Black, white, and Indigenous American.

Angus is now in high school and petitions to create a team to participate in an academic competition, but the school board, which is comprised of former miners rather than educators, rejects her proposal. Demon’s promised field trip to the ocean for being in the Gifted and Talented program derails when the girls he is traveling with annoy their chaperone and she turns the car around.

Chapter 35 Summary

Demon continues private art classes with Mrs. Annie, whom he has a crush on. In Mr. Armstrong’s class, the students present on their family backgrounds. Lee County’s history is so entwined with the coal mining industry that most of the students have projects about relatives who mined. It was a dangerous job: “If a miner didn’t get buried alive, the question was what part of him would give out first: lungs, back, or knees” (278). Lee County’s population is descended from hardworking miners, and even in contemporary time, older men refuse government financial support out of a sense of pride and honor. The students learn about strikes and the Battle of Bear Mountain. The miners wore red bandanas around their necks to show solidarity, hence the term “redneck.” The kids wonder why there’s such rampant unemployment in Lee County, and Mr. Armstrong explains that the coal mining companies bought up all the land and let schools deteriorate because one didn’t need an education to be a miner. These companies designed communities like Lee County to feed workers to the mines, and when those mines closed and jobs were replaced by machines, there was nothing else for people to do but stay, undereducated and unemployed.

Chapter 36 Summary

Demon wonders where his desire for more comes from—whether it is a product of his environment or something innate. By 2001, Demon is a freshman in high school and is on the football team. Demon is so good that the local paper features an article about him. Coach Winfield has become like a father to him.

After September 11, army recruiting in the area intensifies, but Demon figures, “It was hard to see how September 11 was my fight. As far as doing good for my fellow man, my better option was football” (283). In high school, Demon is again with Maggot and Emmy, but they have their own crowds and cliques. Demon is still a virgin, which he is upset about. However, his strongest feelings are for Mrs. Annie because he finds girls his own age annoying. A girl who has graduated high school, named Linda, starts calling Demon out of the blue after watching him in a game. She has phone sex with Demon, but she doesn’t propose to meet in person.

Demon often goes to the Peggots for dinner. He notes that they’ve grown much older, especially Mr. Peggot, who can barely get out of his chair. They’re worried about Maggot, whose goth style has gotten more intense. Mr. Peggot wonders if they’ve spoiled Maggot, and Demon tries to explain that Maggot’s style and ideas come from the kind of television that Mr. Peggot didn’t have growing up. Demon wishes Fast Forward were around to help Maggot.

Chapter 37 Summary

Demon remains suspicious of U-Haul, who knows things about Demon like where he keeps his weed and the phone calls from Linda. U-Haul brings Demon to his mother’s house. U-Haul’s mother tells Demon that the McCobbs are back in the area and fishes for gossip about them. Linda’s younger sister tells Demon that Linda is married. Angus and Demon go to visit Betsy. Angus says she wants to go to college to study psychology or sociology, but Demon hasn’t thought about leaving Lee County.

Chapter 38 Summary

Demon realizes that his life is now like a proper childhood, but he can’t be grateful for it because “growing up goes one direction only. You can’t stuff a baby back where he came from, and on from there” (297). Demon wants some independence; he still feels uncomfortable asking Coach Winfield for money. so Winfield helps Demon find a job at a Farm Supply. Demon enjoys his job, which is the easiest, cleanest, and safest work he has ever had. At work, Demon runs into Fast Forward, who has long since left Crickson’s farm and has a small tobacco plot of his own. Fast Forward takes Demon out, and Demon meets a lot of former Lee High students. He smokes weed with Fast Forward and his friends, all of whom recognize Demon from the football field.

Chapter 39 Summary

Still hoping that Fast Forward can help Maggot, Demon invites him to the Peggots’ Fourth of July party. Fast Forward brings his girlfriend, Rose, and a girl nicknamed Mouse. At the party, Fast Forward meets Emmy and Maggot. Emmy and Hammer are officially boyfriend and girlfriend. Demon sees Mouse and Fast Forward lead a group of young people up to the abandoned cabin near June’s house. Demon takes a moment for himself in the woods, happy to be alive and sad for his dead parents. He then goes to find the others at the cabin and finds them passed out with needles on the floor. Fast Forward is back at the party, helping with the bonfire. Fast Forward decides it’s time to leave, and as they go, Mouse, who is from Philadelphia, makes fun of the partygoers’ ignorance.

Chapter 40 Summary

Demon instantly falls in love with Dori, the daughter of the Farm Supply’s owner, when he meets her at a work party. She hasn’t been in school because she has been helping take care of her ailing father. Tenth grade begins and Demon and Maggot drift further apart. During football season, Demon sneaks out of the house after curfew to party with Fast Forward. He runs into Dori at a party; she knows Demon’s former social worker because DSS is constantly looking into her own home situation. Demon also reunites with Tommy, who has now aged out of foster care and is living with friends.

Fast Forward drunkenly calls Rose hideous to her face. Demon goes after her and apologizes for Fast Forward. She reveals that her mother adopted Fast Forward when he was nine years old, but he was such a danger to the family that she “unadopted” him. Fast Forward tried to get Rose’s brother to hang himself, and he gave Rose a permanent scar on her face. She also reveals that Fast Forward has been lying; he doesn’t own the farm but rather works it for a New York couple when they’re away.

Demon gets so drunk and high that he passes out on the stairs at Winfield’s house. Angus finds and helps him before he can get into trouble, especially with U-Haul, who has been officially promoted to assistant coach and is always at the house. Demon promises Angus to lay off the alcohol, and he never drinks tequila again.

Chapter 41 Summary

Demon is injured by an opposing play during a football game. The doctor who visits him says he’ll need several tests done out-of-state, but the hospitals are booked for a couple of weeks. The doctor gives Demon Lortab, a pain medication made with an opioid, to help him manage his pain. Demon measures his week in his dosages of Lortab. He confesses to Angus that he’s worried that without football, Coach Winfield won’t want him around anymore. Aunt June comes to visit; she’s shocked that Demon is on Lortab and looks at his leg. She suggests more scans and tells him there’s no way he’ll play for the rest of the season. She argues with Coach Winfield about the Lortab, telling him it’s no better than oxy.

When Demon goes to the hospital for a surgery consultation, the doctor says he’ll need surgery and gives him a new prescription. Demon picks up the pills from the pharmacy and sees the label “OxyContin” stapled to the bag.

Chapter 42 Summary

Demon tries to return to football in a limited capacity while reducing his use of pain medication. However, Demon experiences the horrible pain of withdrawal symptoms within hours of missing a dose, so he returns to taking oxy on a regular basis. The injury and attempted return to football make Demon even more popular at school. All the girls want to go to the homecoming dance with him, but he only wants to take Dori. Dori surprises him at home; she brings him chicks from the Farm Supply store to cheer him up.

Demon and Dori go to the homecoming dance. She steals one of her dad’s pain patches, made from Fentanyl, to melt and inject into her and Demon’s arms. They have sex for the first time while high. Demon implies that this is the first of many times Dori would inject Fentanyl.

Chapters 33-42 Analysis

In Chapters 33 through 42 of Demon Copperhead, Kingsolver explores identity and development.

Mr. Armstrong’s class teaches both Demon and Kingsolver’s readers about the misunderstood or ignored history of communities like Lee County. People in Lee County are hard on their region; they look around and see rampant unemployment and, later, an opioid epidemic. Older Lee County residents are disillusioned and embittered about unemployment, and younger Lee County residents don’t believe the region affords room for goals and dreams. Despite their disillusionment, people stay for myriad reasons. They stay because economically they have no choice or because Lee County is the nucleus of their family. Despite Demon’s own criticisms of Lee County, he loves his home and doesn’t want to leave. This harkens to an old American pride in one’s land. However, Appalachia’s nationwide reputation doesn’t echo even these ambivalent feelings, and Mr. Armstrong’s lessons are an ode to the importance of understanding real American history.

Race has historically been an important issue in Appalachia. As of Demon Copperhead’s 2022 publication, the Black population of West Virginia only makes up 2.8% of the state’s demographics. Mr. Armstrong is Black, which is unusual at Demon’s school; Demon notes that he and the other students normally only see Black people on television. Mr. Armstrong is also not from Lee County, and his race and outsider status enable him to speak truth to the history that residents might not have known about: West Virginia separated from the state of Virginia because it didn’t want to join the Confederacy, and Lee County—though part of Virginia—wanted to follow West Virginia’s example. Despite the county’s whiteness and frequent display of Confederate flags, its residents were once against splitting the nation. The paradox exposes how a lack of historical understanding informs the present. Demon identifies himself as “Melungeon,” having white, Black, and Indigenous American heritage, yet he knows very little about any aspect of his history, which so closely parallels the racial history of America itself.

Economic history is also important to modern Lee County. Coal mining was once the region’s bread and butter. Communities of immigrants and rural white people were built around these mines. Schools were built but not maintained well, because one didn’t need a formal education if their destiny was to work in the mine. Mining is destructive work on the body, but men were nonetheless proud of their honest, hard work. Coal mining companies owned entire counties, so when machinery and other sources of fuel began to chip away at coal mining jobs, unemployment in the area skyrocketed. There was no other infrastructure in the area besides farming, which was similarly taken over by large corporations. Coal mining communities suddenly found themselves bereft of work and identity. Demon notes that older residents of Lee County don’t want to take welfare money because their ethical code and sense of self are so tied to work, but there is no fruitful work in Lee County—hence the area’s economic and identity crisis.

To combat this crisis, Mr. Armstrong teaches his students about the Battle of Bear Mountain, a symbolic historical moment of great pride for Appalachian Americans. The Battle of Bear Mountain occurred in 1921, when 10,000 armed coal miners rose up against coal mining company representatives to fight for their right to unionize. This labor battle was the largest armed uprising in the US since the Civil War. The revelation that the term “redneck” came from these labor uprisings reveals another side to a word often used as a slur—a history of courage and human rights.

Mr. Armstrong and Mrs. Annie symbolize the power of a good education led by adults who believe in their students. They provide Demon with positive affirmations of self-esteem, building his knowledge and his skills. Though Coach Winfield also cares about Demon and believes in him, there is more of a transactional relationship between Demon and Winfield. Demon can provide Winfield with football wins, so Winfield benefits from supporting Demon. Mr. Armstrong and Mrs. Annie don’t receive anything at all if Demon succeeds, highlighting their selflessness and genuine care for their students.

These chapters are full of Demon’s narrative metacognition. He makes it clear that he’s writing this story in hindsight, allowing him to look back on his life with the benefit of reflection. Though the reader knows that Demon will survive, this narrative voice also builds tension via narrator Demon’s ability to foreshadow struggles for teenage Demon. One such moment—Demon’s realization that he couldn’t enjoy the brief happiness he found in the Winfield house—also speaks to his psychological development and The Failure of Society to Protect Its Children. Demon can’t be grateful for his present happiness because the traumas he has already been through are more powerful to the psyche. This emphasizes Kingsolver’s message about the insidious nature of trauma. Through football and his association with the Winfield family, Demon’s popularity soars at school. He builds his self-esteem, makes friends, and has a stable and even loving home environment. Angus provides a sisterly bond for Demon, supporting him and challenging him as needed. Yet Demon doesn’t fully appreciate what he has.

The first implication that Demon’s life will yet again be challenged by the betrayal of others is Rose’s revelation about Fast Forward. Fast Forward is heroic to Demon; he demonstrates a confidence and masculinity that Demon admires and wants to emulate. The idea that Fast Forward could be an extremely dangerous person is one that Demon refuses to believe. He reasons that there are two sides to every story, wanting to hold on to the myth of Fast Forward so that he doesn’t have to lose yet another person.

The second implication of trouble ahead is the elevated presence of U-Haul, whom Demon still finds suspicious. U-Haul is now officially an assistant coach and is constantly at the Winfield house. Coach Winfield’s secret addiction to alcohol is a vulnerability for U-Haul to potentially take advantage of.

The third and most important danger sign is Demon’s young addiction to opioids. Like many stories of opioid addiction, Demon’s begins with a severe injury. The opioids prescribed by his doctors help manage his pain, but they also transform his relationship with daily life. He gets lost in the good feelings the opioids produce, and when he tries to be disciplined about not taking them too much, he experiences withdrawal symptoms. Coupled with Aunt June’s disapproval of the drugs and the surge in ruinous opioid addictions that she has witnessed, Demon’s dependency implies that the drugs will destroy Demon just as his life is changing for the better.

The introduction of Dori’s character provides another rise in tension—another foreboding of worse things to come. Dori parallels the character of Dora in David Copperfield, whom David marries but then discovers that she is naïve and spoiled. His marriage with Dora is destructive, even though he loves her. Similarly, Demon falls in love with Dori immediately. Like Dora, she seems like the image of idealized femininity: She is beautiful, committed to taking care of her father, and vulnerable. However, Dori is a bad influence on Demon. She takes his addiction to the next level by introducing him to fentanyl, a synthetic opioid that is more powerful than morphine. It is extremely dangerous and addictive and is partially responsible for the contemporary opioid epidemic. When Demon first tries fentanyl, it is Dori who injects it into his body and encourages him that it’s something they should try together. He is vulnerable to her argument both because he is already muddled by his medications and because he is at heart a lonely boy who wants love. Dori seems to promise this love through shared experiences—even destructive ones. They have sex for the first time, but Demon doesn’t even remember losing his virginity to the girl he loves due to the influence of the fentanyl; the drugs rob people of real-life experiences.

Demon is at a crossroads. His character has developed into a happier, more secure person. However, his developing drug addiction threatens to destroy his happiness and make his future even worse than his past.